What to learn 1: LANGUAGES
If you haven't read the first two parts of
this article, please ensure you do so for the complete picture.
This third installment will explain what you
should learn if you want to be a full-stack web developer. Given the details
involved, this section may be covered in two or three parts, so please read all
of them.
Full-stack web development deals with
websites, so you'll primarily need to learn the basic web technologies and
languages, as well as frameworks. Although this sounds like a lot, you only
need to master a few to function effectively.
HTML: The first
thing you need to learn is HTML, which stands for HyperText Markup Language.
It's important to note that HTML isn't a programming language but a markup
language. It helps you give structure to your website using various tags. There
are many tags and tag types to learn and how to use them, which is beyond the
scope of this article. However, if you're going to do web development, you have
no choice but to learn it.
CSS: This
stands for Cascading Style Sheet. It helps you style your website, defining
colors, positions, and arrangements of text, backgrounds, and other elements.
Think of it this way: HTML is the building block, and CSS is the paint and
interior decorator that beautifies the site.
It's important to note that HTML and CSS are
all you need for a static front-end, but CSS has frameworks that make
beautification easier without writing all the code yourself. We'll discuss
frameworks later.
JavaScript: The next
thing you should learn is JavaScript. Although it has evolved and now includes
backend functionality, it was originally developed to make the front-end more
interactive by adding animations, drop-down menus, and other features. Learning
JavaScript for both front-end and back-end purposes is crucial, not only
because it allows you to build more interactive user-friendly websites but also
because it's now one of the most valuable programming languages with
applications ranging from website development to mobile app development and
even Web3 (which we won't discuss here). JavaScript also has many frameworks,
but we'll cover that later.
By learning and mastering these three
languages, you can comfortably be called a full-stack web developer. However,
this is just the bare minimum, and the bare minimum won't suffice in this
field.
PHP: Before
JavaScript's backend adoption, PHP was the go-to language for backend
development, and it's still a popular choice. PHP stands for PHP Hypertext
Preprocessor, and it's a server-side scripting language. This means that when
you click a button or load something using PHP, a request is sent to the
server, which processes it and gives you a response. While the meaning of PHP
starts with PHP, it's just a programming joke, and you can disregard it. Again,
I won't dive deep into PHP as it's not the main focus of this article.
Python: With AI
taking over the tech space, integrating AI or machine learning into websites
for better user experience is becoming increasingly relevant. One of the best
languages for this is Python. AI involves a lot of mathematics, and the
libraries and functionalities that Python offers for this make it no wonder it
has risen in popularity for web development. Python also offers many other
features and has always been a leading language for website development; AI
just made it even more so.
Although other programming languages like
Java, Ruby, C#, C++, Go, and Perl can be used for web development, the ones
mentioned initially are the most popular and sought-after. Hence, I recommend
learning most or all of them.
SQL: One last
thing you need to learn is SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language.
It's the language used to manage your database. This includes creating the
database, tables, and managing data within the tables, encompassing the basic
CRUD (Create, Read, Update and Delete) operations.
I hope this helps!
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